Border Collie Overview

Border Collies

 

Border Collies are renowned for their intelligence, agility, and work ethic. Originating from the border regions between Scotland and England, this breed is celebrated for its exceptional herding abilities and tireless energy. Whether you're considering a Border Collie as a working dog or a family companion, this guide will give you an in-depth understanding of the breed, covering everything from their history to their care needs.

Table of Contents

What are the pros and cons of owning a Border Collie?

Pros

  • Exceptionally Intelligent: Border Collies are widely regarded as the most intelligent dog breed.
  • Highly Trainable: In experienced hands, Border Collies are very easy to train, excelling at learning commands and tasks.
  • Good with Children: They can be great with children, though they may attempt to herd them due to their natural instincts.

Cons

  • High Maintenance: Border Collies require a lot of attention in terms of both physical exercise and mental stimulation.
  • Demanding Exercise Needs: They need a significant amount of daily activity to keep them happy and healthy.
  • Challenging for First-Time Owners: Due to their high energy and intelligence, they can be a challenge for inexperienced dog owners.
  • Strong Herding Instincts: Their natural herding drive may lead them to chase or nip, especially without proper training.
Border Collie Overview

Brief History of the Border Collie

The Border Collie was developed in the border region between England and Scotland, hence its name. The breed's origins can be traced back to the 18th century, but it was in the 19th century that they were refined into the skilled herders we recognise today. Their ancestors include a mix of local herding dogs and other working breeds.

Border Collies were bred to herd sheep on the rugged terrain of Scotland and northern England, and their remarkable intelligence and stamina made them invaluable to farmers. The breed is known for its unique herding style, often characterised by an intense "eye" – the focused gaze used to control livestock.

Their incredible work ethic and ability to follow commands made them highly sought after as working dogs, and they remain the top choice for herding sheep worldwide. While many Border Collies still work on farms, they are also popular as family pets, agility competitors, and therapy dogs.

Are there different types of Border Collie?

Yes, there are two primary types of Border Collies: working and show.

  1. Working Border Collies:

    • These are bred primarily for their herding ability and intelligence rather than for their appearance. They often have a leaner, more athletic build and may come in a wider variety of colours and coat types.
    • Working Border Collies are extremely energetic and driven, making them ideal for farms and agility competitions.

  2. Show Border Collies:

    • These are bred to conform to a specific appearance standard and are often seen in dog shows. They may be slightly less energetic than their working counterparts but still require a lot of activity and mental stimulation.

Colours of Border Collies

Border Collies come in a wide variety of coat colours, including:

  • Black and White: The most common colour combination.
  • Tri-Colour: A mix of black, white, and tan.
  • Red and White: Less common but equally striking.
  • Blue Merle: A mottled grey with black spots, often paired with white markings.
  • Lilac: A diluted version of chocolate or liver with a greyish tint.
  • Sable: A blend of brown shades with black-tipped hairs.
  • Brindle: A pattern of dark stripes on a lighter base coat.

While the black and white coat is the most iconic, Border Collies' coats can come in a wide range of colours and patterns, making each dog unique.

Merle Border Collie

How big do Border Collies get?

Border Collies are medium-sized dogs. Adult males typically weigh between 14-20 kg and stand 48 to 56 cm (19 to 22 inches) tall at the shoulder. Females are slightly smaller, weighing between 12-18 kg (26 to 40 lbs) and standing 46 to 53 cm (18 to 21 inches) tall.

Their athletic build and agility allow them to excel in physically demanding tasks like herding and dog sports.

How much exercise does a Border Collie need?

Border Collies are one of the most active and energetic breeds. They require at least 1.5 to 2 hours of exercise every day, which can include long walks, running, playing fetch, or participating in dog sports like agility, obedience, and flyball.

In addition to physical activity, Border Collies need mental stimulation to prevent boredom. Puzzle toys, interactive games, and training exercises can keep their minds engaged. Without sufficient exercise and stimulation, Border Collies can become bored, leading to destructive behaviours like chewing or digging.

How energetic is a Border Collie?

Border Collies are extremely energetic and often described as tireless. They are bred to work all day, and this drive remains strong even in those that are kept as pets. They have high stamina and need to be kept busy both physically and mentally.

Their high energy levels make them best suited for active individuals or families who can provide regular outlets for their energy. A simple walk around the block won't be enough – they need opportunities to run, play, and engage in activities that challenge their intellect.

Are Border Collies easy to train?

Yes, Border Collies are highly trainable and are often considered one of the most intelligent dog breeds. They thrive on learning new tasks and can quickly pick up commands, often excelling in obedience training, agility, and herding trials.

However, their intelligence means they require consistent and positive training methods. Border Collies can be sensitive, so harsh training techniques may lead to anxiety or stubbornness. Regular training, combined with praise and rewards, will keep them motivated and responsive.

How much do Border Collies shed?

Border Collies have a double coat, which means they shed moderately throughout the year and more heavily during the spring and autumn when they blow their coat. Regular brushing can help manage their shedding and keep their coat healthy.

During shedding season, you may need to brush them daily to remove loose hairs and prevent matting, especially if they have a longer coat.

Border collie

How often should I groom a Border Collie?

Grooming needs depend on whether your Border Collie has a smooth coat or a rough (long) coat:

  • Smooth-Coated Border Collies: These have shorter fur and require brushing once a week to keep their coat tidy and free of loose hair.
  • Rough-Coated Border Collies: These dogs have longer fur and require more frequent grooming – ideally two to three times a week – to prevent matting and tangling, especially around the ears and tail.

In addition to brushing, you should regularly clean their ears, trim their nails, and check their teeth. Bathing can be done every few months or as needed if they get particularly dirty.

Do Border Collies bark excessively?

Border Collies can be vocal, especially if they are not given enough exercise or mental stimulation. They may bark to alert their owners of strangers, when they are excited, or out of boredom. While they are not typically excessive barkers, a lack of activity or stimulation can lead to unwanted barking behaviour.

Training them to understand when barking is appropriate and ensuring they have enough physical and mental outlets can help control this.

Are Border Collies good with children?

Yes, Border Collies can be great with children, especially if they are raised together. They are loyal, protective, and often gentle around children. However, due to their herding instincts, they may try to "herd" small children by nipping at their heels or chasing them. This behaviour can be managed with proper training and supervision.

Border Collies are better suited to homes with older children who can match their energy levels and play with them safely.

What is the temperament of Border Collies?

Border Collies are known for their intelligence, loyalty, and work ethic. They are highly focused, eager to learn, and enjoy having a job to do. Their temperament is often described as:

  • Alert and Attentive: Border Collies are always aware of their surroundings and are quick to react to stimuli.
  • Loyal and Protective: They form strong bonds with their families and are often protective of their home.
  • Sensitive: They can be sensitive to harsh treatment, so positive reinforcement is important in training.
  • Independent Thinkers: Border Collies are intelligent enough to solve problems on their own, which can sometimes make them seem headstrong or wilful.

They thrive in environments where they have both physical and mental tasks to complete, and they are happiest when they feel engaged.

Pizzles for dogs

 

 

How do Border Collies get along with other pets?

 

Border Collies generally get along well with other pets, especially if they are socialised from a young age. They can live harmoniously with other dogs and cats, though their herding instincts may sometimes kick in, leading them to chase or try to "herd" other animals.

Proper introductions and supervision are important when bringing a Border Collie into a multi-pet household.

Can Border Collies live in apartments?

Border Collies can adapt to apartment living, but it is not ideal for them unless they receive plenty of exercise and mental stimulation. Their high energy levels mean they need access to outdoor space or regular trips to the park to run and play. If you live in an apartment, you’ll need to be committed to providing enough exercise and enrichment to prevent boredom and restlessness.

Border Collies are better suited to homes with gardens or properties where they have space to roam and expend their energy.

How does the Borders Collies cope with being left alone?

Border Collies do not cope well with being left alone for long periods. They are people-oriented dogs and can develop separation anxiety if left alone without enough mental or physical stimulation. This can lead to destructive behaviours such as chewing, digging, or excessive barking.

If you need to leave your Border Collie alone during the day, it’s important to provide toys, puzzle feeders, or interactive activities to keep them occupied. Hiring a dog walker or having a friend check on them can also help alleviate anxiety.

Border Collie Dog

What are the common health problems in Border Collies?

Like all breeds, Border Collies are prone to certain health conditions. Common health problems include:

  • Hip Dysplasia: A genetic condition where the hip joint doesn’t fit properly, leading to arthritis or lameness.
  • Collie Eye Anomaly (CEA): A hereditary eye condition that can cause vision problems or blindness.
  • Epilepsy: Some Border Collies may suffer from seizures.
  • Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA): A degenerative eye disease that can lead to blindness.
  • Deafness: Border Collies can sometimes be born with or develop hearing problems.

Regular vet check-ups, health testing for breeding stock, and a healthy lifestyle can help manage or reduce the risk of these conditions.

What is the lifespan of Border Collies?

The average lifespan of a Border Collie is 12 to 15 years. With proper care, diet, and regular veterinary visits, some Border Collies can live even longer. Their longevity is helped by their active lifestyle and overall good health, though individual lifespan can be affected by genetics and overall care.

How much does a Border Collie cost to keep each month?

The cost of keeping a Border Collie can range from £50 to £100 per month, depending on factors like food, grooming, and healthcare. High-quality dog food, grooming tools, toys, and regular veterinary care are essential to maintaining their health and well-being. It’s also a good idea to invest in pet insurance, as Border Collies are prone to certain health issues that may require medical treatment.

How intelligent is a Border Collie?

Border Collies are one of the most intelligent dog breeds. They are known for their problem-solving abilities, quick learning, and excellent memory. Their intelligence makes them highly trainable, but it also means they require plenty of mental stimulation to prevent boredom.

Their cognitive abilities allow them to excel in tasks like herding, obedience, agility, and even advanced tricks, making them a favourite for dog sports and working roles.

olive wood dog chew

Are Border Collies sociable?

 

Yes, Border Collies are generally sociable dogs, especially when they are well-socialised from a young age. They tend to get along well with other dogs and people, though they may be a bit reserved with strangers until they become comfortable.

While they enjoy being around their family, Border Collies are not overly dependent and can entertain themselves if given proper outlets for their energy and intelligence.

What are common behavioural traits in Border Collies?

 

Border Collies are known for several common behavioural traits:

  • Herding Instincts: They may try to herd children, other animals, or even adults by nipping at heels or using their "eye" to control movement.
  • High Energy Levels: They are always ready for action and can become restless if not given enough exercise.
  • Problem-Solving Ability: Border Collies are great at figuring things out, which can be both an asset in training and a challenge if they decide to use their intelligence for mischief.
  • Strong Focus: Their ability to concentrate on a task is exceptional, making them excellent working dogs but also prone to becoming fixated on certain activities.

    What is the best diet for a Border Collie?

    A high-quality, balanced diet is essential for keeping a Border Collie healthy and active. They thrive on dog food rich in protein to support their muscles, combined with healthy fats and carbohydrates for energy. Whether you choose commercial dog food or a raw diet, it’s important to ensure that their meals meet their high energy requirements.

    Who is an ideal owner for a Border Collie?

     

    The ideal owner for a Border Collie is someone who is active, patient, and has experience with high-energy dogs. Border Collies do best in homes where they have plenty of opportunities for exercise and mental stimulation, such as active families, individuals who enjoy outdoor activities, or those who are interested in dog sports like agility or obedience trials.

    They are not well-suited for sedentary lifestyles or for people who cannot commit the time and effort needed to meet their physical and mental needs.

    Recommended Treats & Chews for Border Collies

    • Little Trainers Fish & Sweet Potato: Ideal for training due to their small size and tasty flavour, these treats are perfect for rewarding good behaviour.
    • Pizzles: Long lasting chews that help promote dental health while keeping your dog occupied.
    • Olive Wood Dog Chew: Durable chews that satisfy their natural instinct to chew and help with mental stimulation.

    For any further help and advice please contact us on 01484 246420 and why not join our social media channels and online community on Instagram, Facebook or YouTube.

    With Wags and Woofs,

    Laura, Dolly & Reggie

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